What are the features of Java

 Features of Java

Features of Java are :

• Simple 

• Object-Oriented 

• Portable

• Platform independent

• Secured 

• Robust

• Architecture neutral

• Interpreted

• High Performance 

• Multi Threaded 

• Distributed 

• Dynamic

1)Simple :

• Java syntax is based on C++ so easier for programmers to learn it after C++ .

• Java has removed many complicated and rarely-used features like explicit pointers, operator overloading, etc.

• There is no need to remove unreferenced objects because there is an Automatic Garbage Collection in Java.

2)Object-oriented :

• Java is an object-oriented programming language. 

• Everything in Java is an object. 

• Object-oriented means we organize our software as a combination of different types of objects that incorporates both data and behavior.

3)Platform Independent :

• Java is platform independent because it is different from other languages like C, C++, etc. which are compiled into platform specific machines.

• Java is a write once and run anywhere language.

• Platform : A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs.

• There are two types of platforms :

1)Hardware-based

2)Software-based

• Java provides a software-based platform.

• The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it is a software-based platform that runs on the top of other hardware-based platforms.

• It has two components:

1. Runtime Environment 

2. API(Application Programming Interface)

• Java code can be run on multiple platforms, for example, Windows, Linux, Mac/OS, etc.

• Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode.

• This bytecode is a platform-independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms i.e Write Once and Run Anywhere(WORA).

4) Secured:

• No explicit pointer

• Java Programs run inside a virtual machine sandbox.

• Classloader: Classloader in Java is a part of the Java Runtime Environment(JRE) which is used to load Java classes into the Java Virtual Machine dynamically. 

• It adds security by separating the package for the classes of the local file system from those that are imported from network sources.

• Bytecode Verifier: It checks the code fragments for illegal code that can violate access right to objects.

• Security Manager: It determines what resources a class can access such as reading and writing to the local disk.

5)Robust (Strong) :

• It uses strong memory management.

• There is a lack of pointers that avoids security problems.

• There is automatic garbage collection in java which runs on the Java Virtual Machine to get rid of objects which are not being used by a Java application anymore.

• There are exception handling and the type checking mechanism in Java.

• All these points make Java robust.

6)Architecture-neutral :

• Java is architecture neutral because there are no implementation dependent features, for example, the size of primitive types is fixed.

• In C programming, int data type occupies 2 bytes of memory for 32-bit architecture and 4 bytes of memory for 64-bit architecture.

• It occupies 4 bytes of memory for both 32 and 64-bit architectures in Java.

7)Portable :

• Java is portable because it facilitates you to carry the Java bytecode to any platform. 

• It doesn't require any implementation.

8)High-performance :

• Java is faster than other traditional interpreted programming languages because Java bytecode is "close" to native code.

• It is still a little bit slower than a compiled language (e.g., C++).
• Java is an interpreted language that is why it is slower than compiled languages, e.g. C, C++, etc.

9)Distributed :

• Java is distributed because it facilitates users to create distributed applications in Java.

• RMI and EJB are used for creating distributed applications.

• This feature of Java makes us able to access files by calling the methods from any machine on the internet.

10)Multi-threaded :

• A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently.

• We can write Java programs that deal with many tasks at once by defining multiple threads.

• The main advantage of multi-threading is that it doesn't occupy memory for each thread.

• It shares a common memory area.

• Threads are important for multi-media, Web applications, etc.

11)Dynamic  :

• Java is a dynamic language. It supports dynamic loading of classes.

• It means classes are loaded on demand.

• It also supports functions from its native languages, i.e. C and C++.

• Java supports dynamic compilation and automatic memory management (garbage collection).

Click here to learn : What is Java and its various applications.